IS(イスラム国)、リビア中部のシルトを制圧か イラクの主要都市モスルの奪還は見通し立たず

過激派組織ISは6月9日、ネット上でリビア中部のシルトを制圧したという声明を発表した。
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A flag of the Shiite Hezbollah militant group flutters over a mural depicting the emblem of the Islamic State (IS) group in Al-Alam village, northeast of the multi-ethnic Iraqi city of Tikrit, on March 9, 2015, during a military operation by Iraqi government forces and tribal fighters to regain control of the Tikrit region from jihadists. After being forced out of the province of Diyala earlier this year, the IS jihadists are now fighting off a huge assault on the city of Tikrit as government and allied forces continue to work their way north towards the main IS stronghold of Mosul. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images)
YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images

過激派組織IS(イスラム国)は6月9日、ネット上でリビア中部のシルトを制圧したという声明を発表した。ロイターなどが報じた。シルトはリビア国内の中部と西部に電気を供給する発電所がある。

ISはSNS上で「発電所は制圧された」と発表した。また、発電所制圧でにシルト市内全域からISの敵はすべて追い出したと述べた。

首都トリポリを中心にリビア西部を支配している反体制勢力の政府は、9日にISから発電所への攻撃を受けて撤退した。軍関係者によると、この攻撃で3人が死亡した。

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ISkらの攻撃に備える反体制武装勢力の部隊 AFP PHOTO / MAHMUD TURKIA (Photo credit should read MAHMUD TURKIA/AFP/Getty Images)

リビアは2011年、中東の民主化運動「アラブの春」の影響で内戦が発生し、ムアンマル・カダフィ大佐の独裁政権が崩壊した。その後、西部を中心に支配するイスラム武装組織勢力の政府と、トブルクを拠点に東部を支配する世俗派中心の暫定政府に分裂している。ISは権力の空白が生じたリビアの都市のいくつかに攻勢をかけている。

■ イラク第2の都市モスル制圧から1年

10日には、ISがイラク第2の都市モスルを制圧して1年を迎える。NHKニュースによると、2014年8月にはアメリカが空爆を開始した。また、欧米や中東各国と有志連合を結成してこれまでにISの戦闘員を1万人殺害したとしている。

ISは空爆の停止を要求し、外国人の人質を殺害し、ネット上で動画などを公開した。2015年2月には、日本人の拘束していた日本人の湯川遥菜さんと後藤健二さんを殺害した。

イラク政府軍は4月に北部の都市ティクリートの奪還に成功したが、ISは5月には西部のラマディを制圧したほか、世界遺産で名高いシリア中部のパルミラにも侵攻し、反転攻勢を強めている。

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ISがネット上に公開した、モスル近郊のニムルド遺跡を破壊した様子 (militant video via AP)

NHKニュースでは、ISの恐怖支配の実態について、次のように報じている。

モスルから逃れてきた住民の話によりますと、モスルではこのところ、病気の人などを除き、住民が街の外に出るのを厳しく制限しているほか、たばこや酒などの売買や喫茶店などの営業も完全に禁止し、女性には髪や体全体を覆い隠す服装を強要しているということです。そうした規則に違反した人にはむち打ちなどの厳罰を科しているほか、イラク政府に協力したなどと理由をつけて住民を公開で処刑するなどしていて、処刑の方法もより残虐になっているということです。

また、モスルではISの多くの戦闘員が空爆などで死亡したため、戦力不足を補うため、14歳から15歳の子どもまでも戦闘員にするために軍事訓練を行って、戦場に送り出しているということです。

(NHKニュース「ISモスル制圧1年 奪還思うように進まず」より 2015/06/10 05:07)

毎日新聞は、モスルでISによる思想統制が進んでいる実態を次のように報じている。

ISの実効支配によって市民生活は様変わりした。住民の証言によると、1日5回の礼拝時には商店は全て閉まる。宗教警察が巡回し、礼拝せずに店を開けているのが見つかれば、むち打ちなどの処罰を受ける。

思想統制も進む。ISはモスク(イスラム礼拝所)から説教師を追い出し、代わりにISメンバーを送り込んだ。学校では歴史や地理、文学の授業がなくなり、ISの過激思想が子供たちに吹き込まれている。6月からはあごひげを生やすことが男性の義務になり、違反すれば処罰されることになった。

(毎日新聞「イラク:モスル陥落1年…増える過激派、進むIS思想統制」より 2015/06/09 22:16)

アメリカ国務省のラスキ報道部長は9日、イラク政府が主導する軍事作戦の支援を続けることを表明し、「戦いは、イラク主導の作戦だ。モスル奪還作戦の予定は、イラク自身が決めることだ」と述べた。

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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya, more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Members of the Iraqi security forces give directions and cehck documents as Iraqis return to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which they were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group on February 14, 2015. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
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An Iraqi woman reacts as she looks at her destroyed home after returning on February 14, 2015 to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which she and thousands of others were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
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