ユネスコ分担金、日本政府が支払い留保 「南京大虐殺」の記憶遺産登録に反発か

日本がユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)に支払う分担金について、外務省は10月13日、2016年の分担金など約44億円の支払いを留保していると明らかにした。
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時事通信社

日本がユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)に支払う分担金について、外務省は10月13日、2016年の分担金など約44億円の支払いを留保していると明らかにした。毎日新聞などが伝えた。

支払いを留保しているのは分担金(約38億5000万円)のほか、カンボジアの世界遺産「アンコールワット」の修復費など任意拠出を約束している約5億5000万円の合わせて約44億円。日本は例年、当初予算の成立後の4~5月には分担金を支払っており、10月時点でも支払っていないのは異例と言える。

支払い留保の理由について、岸田文雄外相は14日の記者会見で「総合的判断で、現時点で支払っていない」と述べるに留めた

■「南京大虐殺」の記憶遺産登録が背景か

今回の支払い留保の背景には、ユネスコに世界記憶遺産の制度改善を働きかける狙いがあるとみられる。

ユネスコの分担金をめぐっては2015年10月、中国が申請した「南京大虐殺の記録」が世界記憶遺産に登録された際、審査過程で日本の考え方が反映されていないとして、菅義偉官房長官が不快感を表明。「文書について本物なのか、専門家の検証を受けていない」とし、「ユネスコへの分担金や拠出金の支払い停止を含めて検討していく」と、見直す方針を示していた

世界記憶遺産をめぐっては、韓国・中国・オランダなどの民間団体が「旧日本軍による従軍慰安婦の関連資料」の登録を申請している

■ユネスコ分担金、日本が実質的トップ

ユネスコ分担金の支払いは加盟国の義務で、各国の分担率は国連の予算分担率とほぼ同じ。外務省によると、2016年の分担率1位はアメリカ(22%)で、日本は2番目となっている。ただしアメリカは、パレスチナのユネスコ加盟に反発し、2011年秋から分担金の支払いを停止。実質的には日本が拠出トップ国となっている。

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ユネスコ加盟国は、分担金の支払いを2年間停止すると、ユネスコ総会での投票権を失う

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中国の南京大虐殺紀念館
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