パリ銃撃事件から日本が学ぶこと

格差や社会的疎外が犯罪を生むという点では、日本も他山の石とするべきだ。時折発生する通り魔事件などもフランスでの事件と同じメンタリティから発しているのではないか。
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Young women wear headbands in the colors of the French flag as hundreds of Muslims take to the streets in Paris Saturday, Jan. 17, 2004, to protest the government's plan to ban religious attire in public schools. The proposed law would ban Muslim head scarves, Jewish skullcaps and large Christian crosses from public schools to keep them secular and avoid religious strife. (AP Photo/Laurent Rebours)
ASSOCIATED PRESS

1月7日フランスの風刺漫画を掲載する週刊紙を発行するシャルリー・エブド社が襲撃され、12人が犠牲になった。

容疑者のアルジェリア系フランス人のクアシ兄弟は、親に捨てられた孤児だった。彼らは「パリ19区ネットワーク」と当局から呼称される、パリの貧困な地区を中心に活動していたようだ。急進的なイスラム思想に吸収されるのは、彼らのようなフランスで生まれた、2世、3世の世代で、フランス人としてのアイデンティティをもちながらも、貧しいがゆえに十分な教育を受けられず、雇用機会も狭められていく。フランス社会を見返してやりたいという思いが今回の犯行の精神的な動機ではなかっただろうか。

銃規制が厳しいフランスで、カラシニコフ銃を用いて犯行に及んだということは組織的な背景があることもうかがわせている。軍事訓練を経ていなければ、あれほどの犠牲を生む銃撃はできない。

犯行を受けた週刊紙のほうにもイスラムという宗教に対する敬意が感ぜられなかった。ムスリムが嫌がるのを承知で風刺画を掲載するのは一種のハラスメントだ。欧米諸国はテロに遭えば、テロを非難するが、イラク戦争などそれ以上の犠牲をもたらすことを過去に行ってきたことも自省すべきだ。

格差や社会的疎外が犯罪を生むという点では、日本も他山の石とするべきだ。時折発生する通り魔事件などもフランスでの事件と同じメンタリティから発しているのではないか。実際、「イスラム国」に参加したり、参加しようとしたりした日本人も継続して現れた。ロイターは10月に「イスラム国」に40人の日本人が参加していると伝えた。イラクで「イスラム国」への空爆に参加する欧米諸国では同様な事件が繰り返し発生する可能性がある。日本も、米国の軍事行動への協力には慎重であるべきだ。

パリ・モンルージュで銃撃事件
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(01 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: The car of one of the suspects of the shooting in Montrouge is prepared for towing as French police carry out searches in the vicinity of where a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(02 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: French national police prepare to enter a hotel as they carry out searches in the vicinity of where a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(03 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: French police officeres stand at the scene after a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(04 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: The car of one of the suspects of the shooting in Montrouge is prepared for towing as they carry out searches in the vicinity of where a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(05 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: French police officeres stand at the scene after a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Policewoman shot dead in Paris(06 of18)
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PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 8: French police officeres stand at the scene after a female police officer was shot dead in Montrouge, a southern suburb of Paris on January 8, 2015, a day after gunmen stormed the office of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, leaving 12 dead. (Photo by Geoffroy Van der Hasselt/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
France Police Shot(07 of18)
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Police officers, firefighters and rescue workers gather at the site of a shooting in Montrouge, south of Paris Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris on Thursday, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Thibault Camus) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(08 of18)
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Hooded police officers stand at the scene after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(09 of18)
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SWAT police officers, background, arrive after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. An assailant opened fire on a police officer on the southern edge of Paris early Thursday, killing her and injuring a nearby street sweeper before fleeing, officials and a witness said. Franceâs interior minister cautioned against jumping to conclusions a day after the deadly assault on a satirical newspaper that killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(10 of18)
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SWAT police officers arrive after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. An assailant opened fire on a police officer on the southern edge of Paris early Thursday, killing her and injuring a nearby street sweeper before fleeing, officials and a witness said. Franceâs interior minister cautioned against jumping to conclusions a day after the deadly assault on a satirical newspaper that killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(11 of18)
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Police officers look for evidence after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan.8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(12 of18)
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Police officers look for evidence after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(13 of18)
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A police officer gestures by a damaged car after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(14 of18)
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Police officers picture a damaged car after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(15 of18)
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A police officer guards the scene after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(16 of18)
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A police officer works by a damaged car after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(17 of18)
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Rescue workers stand by a damaged car after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
France Newspaper Attack(18 of18)
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Rescue workers remove items after a shooting in Montrouge, outside Paris, Thursday, Jan. 8, 2015. Two people were shot and gravely wounded at the southern edge of Paris, including a police officer, raising tensions a day after masked gunmen stormed the offices of a satirical newspaper and killed 12 people. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)