「曹操の遺体確認」世界中で拡散 ⇒ 発表元とされた研究所が当惑「新発見なんですか?」

「2009年の発掘で見つかりましたが、これがなんで新発見なんですか? 」
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約1800年前に亡くなった三国志の英雄「曹操」の遺体が確認された、世界中のメディアが報じた。しかし、発表元とされた中国の考古学研究所が3月25日、「曹操の遺体は2009年の発掘で見つかりましたが、これがなんで新発見なんですか?」と当惑した様子で声明を出していたことが分かった。

■中国メディアの「スクープ」が世界中に拡散

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河南省・安陽市で2009年に発見された「曹操の墓」
VCG via Getty Images

きっかけは中国・成都に拠点を置くメディアグループ「紅星新聞」の3月25日の報道だった

河南省・安陽市で2009年に発見された「曹操の墓」とされる遺跡で見つかった男性の遺体について、河南省文物考古研究院が「曹操であることを基本的に確認した」と報じた。

これを引用する形で、台湾や香港のメディアが「曹操の遺体確認」と積極的に報道した。さらにマレーシアの大手紙「The Star」や、イギリスのタブロイド紙「EXPRESS」など世界各国のメディアが「曹操の遺体確認」と報じて話題になり、世界中に拡散した。

■研究所が声明「私は戸惑っています」

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河南省文物考古研究院がウェイボーで出した否定声明
weibo/河南考古

ところが、いろいろ調べてみると、意外なことが分かった。紅星新聞が発表元として報じていた河南省文物考古研究院の公式サイトをいくら調べても、それらしい発表がないのだ。2月24日の調査報告書にも「曹操の遺体を確認した」とは書かれていない。

それどころか、同研究院は公式ウェイボー(中国版のTwitter)で25日、以下のように訴えていた。

「曹操の遺体確認というニュースが大手メディアにあふれて、検索されまくっていますが、私は戸惑っています。曹操の遺体は2009年の発掘で見つかりましたが、これがなんで新発見なんですか? 視点が偏ったメディアの皆さんに、私は周知したいです」

■60歳の男性と見られる頭蓋骨は見つかったけど...

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墓から出土した石牌(せきはい)には「魏武王」の銘文があり、曹操の墓の有力な証拠とされた。(Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images)
Getty/AFP

25日に「曹操の遺体確認」と速報を打った台湾メディア「自由時報」も、26日に事実上の訂正報道をした

それによると「曹操の墓」とされる遺跡からは、約60歳の男性とみられる頭蓋骨などが見つかっている。曹操は65歳で死んだと言われており、年齢は近いが、他の直接的な証拠はないという。

自由時報の報道を引こう。

「頭蓋骨は約60歳の男性だと判断された。しかし、曹操自身であることを証明する他の直接の証拠はありません。考古学者のチームが、曹操の墓であると判断したことが主な理由で、この男性は曹操と考えられていました」

発掘チームが2009年に「曹操の墓」と判断した根拠は、矛や枕などの副葬品に「魏武王」の銘文があったことだった。

結局のところ、発掘当時と比べて決定的な証拠が見つかったわけではなかった。「乱世の奸雄」と呼ばれるも、絶大な人気を誇る曹操のミステリーは、未だ謎のままだ。

中国で発見「曹操の墓」
CHINA-TOMB/(01 of23)
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A room of a large third-century tomb is seen in Anyang, Henan Province, in this undated handout photograph released to Reuters December 28, 2009. Chinese archaeologists say the tomb could be that of Cao Cao, the legendary politician and general famous throughout East Asia for his Machiavellian tactics. The tomb, discovered in Xigaoxue village near the ancient Chinese city of Anyang, Henan Province, has an epitaph and inscription that appear to refer to Cao Cao, Central China Television said on Sunday. REUTERS/Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology via China Daily/Handout (CHINA - Tags: SOCIETY SCI TECH) QUALITY FROM SOURCE. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
CHINA-TOMB/(02 of23)
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The passage of a large third-century tomb is seen in Anyang, Henan Province, in this undated handout photograph released to Reuters December 28, 2009. Chinese archaeologists say the tomb could be that of Cao Cao, the legendary politician and general famous throughout East Asia for his Machiavellian tactics. The tomb, discovered in Xigaoxue village near the ancient Chinese city of Anyang, Henan Province, has an epitaph and inscription that appear to refer to Cao Cao, Central China Television said on Sunday. REUTERS/Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology via China Daily/Handout (CHINA - Tags: SOCIETY SCI TECH IMAGES OF THE DAY) QUALITY FROM SOURCE. CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
PERU-CULTURE/(03 of23)
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A view shows the tomb of the Lady of Cao, a female mummy found at the archaeological site Huaca El Brujo, a grand pyramid of the ancient Moche pre-hispanic culture in Trujillo, Peru, November 4, 2016. REUTERS/Mariana Bazo (credit:Mariana Bazo / Reuters)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) Policemen guard as the archaeologists unearth the tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) Archaeologists clean the unearthed relics from the tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) Policemen guard as the archaeologists unearth the tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) The tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), is seen on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) The tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), is seen on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) The tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), is seen on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) Policemen guard as the archaeologists unearth the tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
This photo released by archaeologists fr(11 of23)
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This photo released by archaeologists from China's Henan cultural relic bureau on December 27, 2009 shows a stone tablet carrying the inscription 'King Wu of Wei' found in a nearly 1,800-year-old tomb found by Chinese archaeologists and believed belonging to the legendary ruler Cao Cao, located in central Henan province, not far from the Yellow River and near the city of Anyang where Cao Cao ruled the Kingdom of Wei from 208 to 220. The tomb was discovered about a year ago, but only became known to authorities after stone tablets carrying inscriptions of 'King Wu of Wei' were seized from alleged tomb raiders, a report said. CHINA OUT AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
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ANYANG COUNTY, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) Policemen holding guns stand guard at the site of the excavated tomb of Cao Cao, a renowned warlord and politician, at the Xigaoxue Village on December 28, 2009 in Anyang County of Henan Province, central China. Archaeological officials confirmed on December 27 the discovery of Cao's mausoleum in Anyang County. Cao Cao is remembered for his outstanding military and political talents, which enabled him to build the strongest and most prosperous state during the Three Kingdom period (208-280 AD). (Photo by China Photos/Getty Images) (credit:China Photos via Getty Images)
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ANYANG COUNTY, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) A view of the site of the excavated tomb of Cao Cao, a renowned warlord and politician, is seen at the Xigaoxue Village on December 28, 2009 in Anyang County of Henan Province, central China. Archaeological officials confirmed on December 27 the discovery of Cao's mausoleum in Anyang County. Cao Cao is remembered for his outstanding military and political talents, which enabled him to build the strongest and most prosperous state during the Three Kingdom period (208-280 AD). (Photo by China Photos/Getty Images) (credit:China Photos via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) Two people stand in the tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), on December 28, 2009 in a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) (CHINA OUT) An armed police man stands outside of a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), on December 28, 2009 at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) A view of the tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), is seen on December 28, 2009 at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - DECEMBER 28: (CHINA OUT) The parts of tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), are seen on December 28, 2009 in a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)
A general view of a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 t(18 of23)
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A general view of a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China December 22, 2009. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. VCP (Photo by Jie Zhao/Corbis via Getty Images) (credit:Jie Zhao via Getty Images)
An armed police man patrols outside of a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three King(19 of23)
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An armed police man patrols outside of a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China December 22, 2009. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. VCP (Photo by Jie Zhao/Corbis via Getty Images) (credit:Jie Zhao via Getty Images)
The carve found in a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208(20 of23)
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The carve found in a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), is seen at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China December 22, 2009. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. VCP (Photo by Jie Zhao/Corbis via Getty Images) (credit:Jie Zhao via Getty Images)
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The carve found in a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208(22 of23)
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The carve found in a tomb belonging to Cao Cao, King Wu of the Wei kingdom during China's Three Kingdoms period (AD 208 to 280), is seen at a village in Anyang county, Henan province of China December 22, 2009. Archaeological officials confirmed that the tomb was Cao's mausoleum. VCP (Photo by Jie Zhao/Corbis via Getty Images) (credit:Jie Zhao via Getty Images)
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ANYANG, CHINA - JUNE 12: (CHINA OUT) Policemen guard as the archaeologists unearth the tomb of Cao Cao, a warlord during the Three Kingdoms period (208-280 A.D.), on June 12, 2010 in Anyang of central China's Henan province. The scheduled live TV broadcast of an excavation on the Mausoleum of General Cao Cao lasted three hours. It was one of the ten top archaeological findings in China in 2009, as the State Administration of Cultural Heritage said. (Photo by VCG via Getty Images) (credit:VCG via Getty Images)